Cross-sectional Assesses on Irrational Use of Veterinary Drugs in Adami Tulu Jiddo Kombolcha Distrct, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Feyyisa Koji,
Adem Kumbe,
Ayele Beyene
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
22-27
Received:
7 August 2020
Accepted:
19 August 2020
Published:
16 September 2020
Abstract: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to March, 2015 at Adami-Tulu Jiddo kombolcha district in five peasant association and four towns to assess the irrational use of veterinary drugs in food producing animals and assess the factors those leads to irrational uses of veterinary drugs from farmers, veterinary clinicians and private veterinary pharmacists’ side. Out of 60 farmers interviewed, 55 (91.7%) of them uses veterinary drugs. From these 55 respondents, 44 (80%) of them treat their animals by presenting to the clinic and 11 (20%) of them treat by themselves at home with veterinary drugs. There was statistically significant association (P<0.05) between source of a drug and response of the disease to treatment. Of the total 60 farmers, 18 (30%) uses black market, 22 (36.7%) uses veterinary pharmacy and 20 (33.3%) uses veterinary clinic as a source of drugs. Among these 17 (94.4%), 2 (9.1%) and 3 (15%) of them responded as these sources of drugs have no response to treatment from the black market, veterinary pharmacy and veterinary clinic respectively. Regarding with drug regulation problem 7 (70%) of the farmers responded as there were lack of veterinary drug supply and lack of veterinary supervision. In line with clinicians, of the total 10 interviewed, 2 (20%) of them responded as the farmers reject their advice on animals’ treatment approach and 10% of the clinicians depend on the farmers’ needs on the way they use the drugs. In line with drug availability and its effectivity related issues, 8 (80%) of clinicians responded as there was no sufficient drug availability and no effective drug for the specific disease. On the other hand from 10 private veterinary pharmacists interviewed, 7 (70%) of them sell drugs without prescription. Generally irrational use of veterinary drugs is a common problem in developing countries where resource and educated human power are not access as wanted. Hence, growing awareness in the community about the rational use of veterinary drugs and controlling the illegal contraband of it were recommended as the main measures to alleviate the expansion of irrational use of vet drugs.
Abstract: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to March, 2015 at Adami-Tulu Jiddo kombolcha district in five peasant association and four towns to assess the irrational use of veterinary drugs in food producing animals and assess the factors those leads to irrational uses of veterinary drugs from farmers, veterinary clinicians and private...
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Toxoplasmosis Sero-Prevalence, Awareness and Risk Behavior Among Pregnant Women Following Antenatal Care in Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital, Asella, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
28-35
Received:
21 August 2020
Accepted:
3 September 2020
Published:
19 September 2020
Abstract: Toxoplasmosis is caused by infection with the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), an obligate intracellular parasite. The infections produced a wide range of clinical syndromes in humans, land and sea mammals, and various bird species. Toxoplasmosis is especially important among Immune-compromised patients and pregnant women. Infection of mothers during pregnancy by Toxoplasma gondii may have serious consequences for fetus ranging from miscarriage, central nervous system involvement, retinochoroditis, or at birth subclinical infection. Objectives: To determine Toxoplasmosis sero-prevalence, awareness and risk Behavior among pregnant women following antenatal care in Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital, Asella, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based quantitative cross sectional study design was conducted on sample size of 384 from December 1, 2018 to June 30, 2019. To collect the demographic and risk factor related data a pre-tested Structured, questionnaire was used. Serum sample, collected was tested for Toxoplasma Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Toxoplasma Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies using anti- IgG and IgM antibodies by Toxoplasma immune-chromatographic test (ICT) IgG-IgM test. To show association between the dependent and independent variables a bivariable and multivariable logistic regression model was applied allowing for p, 0.05 and the confidence interval 95%. Result: The overall sero- prevalence of T. gondii in the study area was 81.8%. Three hundred and fourteen (81.8%) of the pregnant women were IgG seropositive, fifty women (13%) were IgM seropositive. fifty women were positive for both IgG and IgM. None of the pregnant women were positive exclusively for IgG and IgM ani-bodies. eating raw meat (COR=3.480, 95%CI: 1.450-8.352; P=0.005, AOR=3.798, 95%CI: 1.249-11.550, P=0.19), using unpasteurized milk (COR=3.860, 95%CI: 2.118-7.037; P=0.000, AOR=3.907, 95% CI: 1.744-8.751, P=0.001), having three or more children (COR=2.194, 95%CI: 1.065-4.518; P=0.033) and Consumption of raw egg (COR=2.042, 95%CI: 1.049-3.974; P=0.036). Conclusion: The sero-prevalence of T. gondii antibodies was high among the pregnant women. Those who consumed raw meat and egg, unpasteurized milk and those who have three or more children were at higher risk of T. gondii infection. Hence, blood screening for Toxoplasmosis, health education and awareness creation among pregnant women should be done during antenatal follow up.
Abstract: Toxoplasmosis is caused by infection with the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), an obligate intracellular parasite. The infections produced a wide range of clinical syndromes in humans, land and sea mammals, and various bird species. Toxoplasmosis is especially important among Immune-compromised patients and pregnant women. Infection of moth...
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The Impact of Concurrent Training on Some Selected Physical Fitness Components of U-17 Male Handball Trainees in Case of Injibara Town, Ethiopia
Awoke Tibebu,
Dessalegn Tilahun
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
36-43
Received:
21 January 2020
Accepted:
5 September 2020
Published:
23 September 2020
Abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of concurrent training on speed, agility and anaerobic power on U-17 Handball trainees. All off twenty six (26) Handball players who was the only Handball training project team at Injibara town with age U-17 were conveniently selected and participated voluntarily in the research. Among those half of them were randomly selected as EG which specially prepared anaerobic training was applied and the rest were CG. Weight and height averages of U-17 EG and CG were similar which is 56.92 Kg and 57.77 Kg in weight and 1.68m and 1.71m in height respectively. Before training, PT of two groups of thirteen (13) players (IAT and TT of agility tests, VJ and SLJ tests of anaerobic power tests and 10m & 40m dash speed tests) were recorded. The anaerobic training were implemented on the EG twice a week, 35 to 40 min a day. Consequently after six weeks of anaerobic training, DT was taken in each parameter and a little improvement in each test results observed and training was continually given by increasing its intensity. After three months, posttest measurement on the same parameters was taken. The difference between the tests were analyzed statistically, with paired sample “t” test at P<0.05 Consequently it was observed that anaerobic training implemented on junior level players brought about significant improvements between pre and post test results of agility, in which duration to complete IAT and TT was decreased by a mean difference of 0.381 seconds at P=0.001 and 0.738 seconds at P=0.000. Speed in which duration of 10m and 40m dash speed test result was decreased by a mean difference of .1262 seconds at P=.020 and .1293 seconds at P=.010 respectively.. And power, in which height and length of VJ and SLJ test result were increased by a mean difference of .06m at P=.000 and 0.1161 m at P=0.000 respectively. As result the investigator recommended that adding anaerobic training on their Handball training program helps to improve players speed, agility and power.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of concurrent training on speed, agility and anaerobic power on U-17 Handball trainees. All off twenty six (26) Handball players who was the only Handball training project team at Injibara town with age U-17 were conveniently selected and participated voluntarily in the research. Among those half of t...
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