Verification of CONA Fungicide Against Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) on Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum) in East Shoa and West Arsi, Ethiopia
Gizachew Hirpa Regasa,
Ashenafi Gemechu Degete
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, December 2022
Pages:
86-90
Received:
2 August 2022
Accepted:
15 September 2022
Published:
27 December 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijbse.20221004.11
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Abstract: Wheat is one of Ethiopia’s foremost important cereal crops in terms of area coverage and volume produced. However, the production and productivity of wheat is constrained by various biotic and a biotic stress. Among biotic stresses, wheat stem rust disease caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is the most catastrophic disease. Field experiments were conducted to verify and evaluate the efficacy of new fungicide against wheat stem rust at Debrezeit and Negelle Arsi locations in 2021/2022 main cropping season. For comparison, treatments included one candidate fungicide (Cona), Rex Duo as a standard check, and Unsprayed (control) applied towards the durum wheat variety Alemtena. The experiment was designed with a randomized complete block design and three replications. Terminal rust severity levels of up to 20MS, 15MS, and 60S at Debrezeit and 15MS, 20MS and 50S at Arsi Negelle were recorded on the tested fungicide CONA, Rex Duo and unsprayed or control treatments, respectively. Fungicide-sprayed treatments was significantly reduced the severity of stem rust to the lowest level possible when compared to nil (unsprayed) application. However, there was no statistically significant difference (P<0.05) in reducing the severity of stem rust disease between the test and standard check fungicides. When compared to the standard check, the test fungicides demonstrated comparable and better efficacy in reducing the severity of stem rust. The difference in biomass yield, grain yield, and thousand kernel weight between fungicide treatments and no fungicide application were highly significant (P<0.05). The highest grain yield was obtained from CONA sprayed plots at Negelle Arsi, while the lowest yield was obtained from nil application. At both locations, fungicide treatments outperformed untreated plots in terms of disease severity, yield and yield components. The newly verified fungicide has been found to be very effective in controlling wheat stem rust, and is recommended for registration to control wheat stem rust.
Abstract: Wheat is one of Ethiopia’s foremost important cereal crops in terms of area coverage and volume produced. However, the production and productivity of wheat is constrained by various biotic and a biotic stress. Among biotic stresses, wheat stem rust disease caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is the most catastrophic disease. Field experiment...
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Medical Pleurodesis with Povidone Iodine for Malignant Pleural Effusion in Low Income Countries
Gourti Mouad,
Ouchen Fahd,
Makloul Mouhsine,
Maidi Elmehdi
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, December 2022
Pages:
91-93
Received:
30 December 2021
Accepted:
23 May 2022
Published:
29 December 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijbse.20221004.12
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Abstract: Introduction: Chemical pleurodesis may be the best available treatment for recurrent and some pleural effusions trouble when the underlying cause cannot be treated. A wide variety of pleural irritants have been used, but the search for the ideal agent for pleurodesis continues. The aim of our study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of iodo-povidone as an agent to treat recurrent pleural effusion. Materiel and methods: It’s a retrospective study of all cases treated in the surgery department of the regional hospital of Agadir for a recurrent pleural effusion in witch malignancy is confirmed. Results: Are included in the study 74 patients with a mean age of 61 years and a female dominance of gender. All patients in our series were symptomatic with a predominance of chest pain and dyspnea as revelatory signs. Lung cancer is the first cause incriminated in recurrent pleural effusion followed by breast cancer. All patient of the study were drained with a chest tube with caliber greater than 20 Fr and the success of the medical pleurodesis was considered in 91 % of cases with no signs of complications. Conclusion: Medical pleurodesis requires a multidisciplinary team and inter-professional communication between specialists in pulmonary medicine, thoracic surgery, and oncology, especially in patients with malignancy as an etiology of the disease. Povidone-iodine is a very effective sclerosing agent that allows effective pleural symphysis. Its cost, safety and availability represent the characteristics that have made its use especially in developing countries of major interest compared to other methods.
Abstract: Introduction: Chemical pleurodesis may be the best available treatment for recurrent and some pleural effusions trouble when the underlying cause cannot be treated. A wide variety of pleural irritants have been used, but the search for the ideal agent for pleurodesis continues. The aim of our study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of iodo-pov...
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